This document conferred upon the German population of the territory between Drueni (German: Draas, Romanian: Drueni) and Ortie (German: Broos, Romanian: Ortie) both administrative and religious autonomy and defined their obligations towards the Hungarian monarchs. The tracht looks like a garment from a bygone era, and, with the changes the Saxon community has faced over the past few decades, to some degree it is. Use the drop-down list to select a specific part of the site. It also shares some identical dishes with the Austrian cuisine such as cremeschnitte (which has also been traditionally served in Bukovina as well). Nonetheless, a sizable Transylvanian Saxon population also resides today in North America, most notably in the United States (specifically in Idaho, Ohio, and Colorado as well as in Canada, southern Ontario more precisely). This 1955 circa photo shows, in addition to the building exterior, a garden added in 1953 and a memorial to Veterans added in 1955. Alarmed by the knights' rapidly expanding power, in 1225 King Andrew II expelled the Teutonic Order from Transylvania permanently, which henceforth relocated to Prussia in 1226, although the colonists remained in Burzenland. Currently in Romania, about 60% of ethnic Germans reported being Roman Catholic and 40% Protestant (see Religion in Romania). Valea Viilor (German: Wurmloch) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church, Saschiz (German: Keisd or Hnenburg) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church, Viscri (German: Weisskirch) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church, The Mongol invasion of 124142 devastated much of the Kingdom of Hungary. Michael Wei, former mayor of Media/Mediasch. For decades, the . The similarities with Luxembourgish are both in lexical nature and grammar nature. In comparative linguistics, Transylvanian Saxon is a West Central German dialect that is part of the Moselle Franconian branch. The surprising story of the Basque language, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter. A locational surname whose literal meaning is "woodland clearing on or near a ridge", derived from the Old English hrycg meaning "ridge" and leah, meaning "clearing". 10. The word is made of two Slavic language words, namely 'bogu' meaning 'god' and 'dan' meaning 'given.'. Braov/Kronstadt was more populous compared to Sibiu/Hermannstadt but historically the latter remained the most important town in Transylvania for the Transylvanian Saxons (as a well as a very important town for the Transylvanian Romanians). work-related (occupation name or an allusion to a
ISBN 3-412-01576-8. The territory colonized by Germans covered an area of about 30,000km2 (10,000 sq. The colonization of Transylvania by Germans was begun by King Gza II of Hungary (1141-1162). Notably, it was part of the Kingdom of Hungary, a medieval realm that existed roughly . The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of mainly German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania in various waves, starting from the mid and mid-late 12th century until the mid 19th century. Although they only give specific information about the
They lived from about the year 550 until 1066, although a small fraction survived after that. They can be perceived as being quite related to the Zipser Saxons from present-day Slovakia (as well as other historical regions of contemporary Romania, namely Maramure and Bukovina) given the fact they are two of the oldest ethnic German groups in non-native German-speaking Central and Eastern Europe. . A dictionary of Transylvanian Saxon was published in . The surrounding area became known as the Nsnerland. The predominantly German-populated Hermannstadt was a noteworthy cultural center within Transylvania in the past, while Kronstadt (Braov) represented a vital political center for the Transylvanian Saxons. dr. Thomas Ngler", Unsere Deutsche Wurzeln/Our German Roots - Namensemantik (Deutung) der Siebenbrgisch-Schsische Familliennamen (Surnames), Map and list of Transylvanian Saxon villages, An Outline of Transsilvanian-Saxon History by Klaus Popa, MA, The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch, Transylvanian placenames in different languages, General forum for the Transylvanian Saxons, 'Hover & Hear' pronunciations in the Transylvanian Saxon language, Visual short story about the Transylvanian Saxons (with many archive images), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian_Saxons&oldid=1141880666, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Articles containing Hungarian-language text, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles containing Spanish-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 09:28. In the aftermath of the invasion, many Transylvanian towns were fortified with stone castles and an emphasis was put on developing towns economically. Map and list of Transylvanian Saxon villages; The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch; Transylvanian Saxon surnames; Transylvanian placenames in different languages General site on the Transylvanian Saxons General forum for the Transylvanian Saxons [32][33][34][35] Nevertheless, there also some still left in ruin or decay, since the vast majority of the Saxons in their respective villages left them deserted during either before 1989 and after 1989 while emigrating for Western Europe or North America. siebenbrgischen Namen auch die jene Nachnamen auf die in den 17ten
It was used in writing to some text extent from then on, although High German was also used as a written language, and by the 19th century High German was the main written language used by Transylvanian Saxons. of the former Kingdom of Hungary). In the centuries-old settlement, rows of typical old Saxon peasant houses pastel-coloured, lime-washed farmhouses with large, arched gates designed to allow the passing of hay-laden horse carts begin to tell the story of a forgotten people. Malancrav (Malmkrog in German), which boasts a population of around 120, is the largest of all of them. Samuel von Brukenthal, former Habsburg governor of Transylvania. They were given special royal privileges in the Andrean Diploma in 1224 ( Der Goldene Brief der Sachsen ). The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch; Transylvanian Saxon surnames; Transylvanian placenames in different languages (Jerman) General site on the Transylvanian Saxons (Jerman) (default) detailed compact very compact clear. I have given after each surname the modern Romanian translation of the elements; most of these translations are probably accurate for medieval Romanian, but I cannot say for sure. [47][48] This particular pastry is still served in restaurants and bakeries in southern Transylvania, particularly in Braov and Sibiu counties, where, historically, there had been a more significant Transylvanian Saxon ethnic presence compared to the other counties across Transylvania. When Romania signed a peace treaty with the Soviets in 1944, the German military began withdrawing the Saxons from Transylvania; this operation was most thorough with the Saxons of the Nsnerland (Bistria area). Their native dialect, Transylvanian Saxon (endonym: Siweberjesch-Sksesch, German: Siebenbrgisch-Schsisch, Romanian: Dialectul ssesc) is close to Luxembourgish. (Familienanzeigen: Siebenbrgische Zeitung). Under the influence of Johannes Honterus, the great majority of the Transylvanian Saxons embraced the new creed of Martin Luther during the Protestant Reformation. Das Siebenbrgenlied (i.e. Ihrer Suche! mi.). . Although the Saxons did their best to resist, many settlements were destroyed. Hrman (German: Honigberg) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church. THE RESTORATION OF THE TRANSYLVANIAN HUNGARIAN ARISTOCRATS. This is further hinted but also highlighted in the coat of arms of the town of Sibiu/Hermannstadt (Romanian: Cibinium) by the water lily included therein. Transylvanian Churchbooks. The Saxons in northeastern Transylvania were also in charge of mining. Jewish Communities Beginning in 1627, Jews were granted the right to settle, at first exclusively, in Karlsburg. After all, the Saxon villages in Transylvania doubled as outposts used to defend trading routes through the countryside. Nowadays, organisations representing the Transylvanian Saxons exist in Romania, Germany, Austria, Canada, and the United States (in the latter case most notably 'Alliance of Transylvanian Saxons'). Janosch m German (Modern), Transylvanian Saxon. Emperor Joseph II attempted to revoke the Unio Trium Nationum in the late 18th century. Those areas pertained to the neighbouring and emerging Romanian medieval principalities of Moldavia (to the east) and Wallachia (to the south). The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch; Transylvanian Saxon surnames; Transylvanian placenames in different languages (nemko) General site on the Transylvanian Saxons (nemko) For example, one of the traditions held was the "Neighborhood" (German: Nachbarschaften) in which many households formed a small supporting community. The Sachsenheim Originally a house purchased by the Transylvanian Saxons Sick Benefits Society in 1907, the Sachsenheim underwent major renovations in 1910 and 1925. The literal translation of this Romanian last name is 'black beard.'. Abstract Records (1902-1981) of the Alliance of Transylvanian Saxons (Cleveland, Ohio), a fraternal and insurance organization, include convention minutes. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. It has also come in contact with Romanian and Hungarian from which several words were derived. Transylvanian Saxons adopted surnames a little later than in western Europe, starting in the 1500's. Although many surnames are also common in other German-speaking areas, there are some distinctions due to the Saxon dialect's pronunciation and vocabulary, and due to loan-words from other languages, primarily Hungarian and Latin. The PREM project final report a cultural heritage and development project in the Transylvania Region, Romania. Such an attack would often stem from the Cumans, for example, or from the Pechenegs. Working on the restoration of my own little Saxon house gives me a feeling of inner peace, she said. 9. It spread to Italy during the Roman Empire and to England as early as the 1080s, being listed in the Doomsday Book compiled by William the Conqueror. wie wir sie wissen, nicht gebraucht. The Transylvanian Saxons origin and nature will be . To guard the mountain passes of the Carpathians (German: Karpaten) against the Cumans, the knights constructed numerous castles and towns, including the major city of Kronstadt (Romanian: Braov). 1947 verschiedene Familiennamen. The surname is a Siebenburgen Saxon or Transylvanian Saxon specific surname. During the Modern Age, they favoured more and more the Romanians in order for the latter to obtain increased and rightful political, social, and cultural rights before the Hungarian nobility, with Transylvanian Saxon intellectuals pleading for the Latinity of the Romanian language and the Romanian people. Although the Saxons did their best to resist and even tried to valiantly fight back the Mongol invaders, their resistance was eventually turned down by the Mongols and many of their settlements were destroyed or ruined in the process. . [8] They are part of the Romanian Germans. Read More. Together they are translated as "black beard". For more than a hundred years starting in the 2nd century, the region in what is now Romania-comprised of the Transylvanian Basin and the lands to the south-was the Roman province of Dacia.Prior to this, the region had been settled by Indo-Europeans, which the Greeks called the Getae, who then intermingled with other tribes that the Romans . Read about our approach to external linking. 5. It was written and composed in the mid 19th century. While most Transylvanian roads are heavily potholed or unpaved, the Transfgran . Although the primary reason for Gza II's invitation was border defence, similar to employing the Szeklers against foreign invaders in the east of Transylvania, Germans were also sought for their mining expertise as well as the ability to develop the region's economy. [16] Later on, the Saxons needed to further fortify both their rural and urban settlements against invading Ottomans (or against the invading and expanding Ottoman Empire). ), Die SS nach 1945: Entschuldungsnarrative, populre Mythen, europische Erinnerungsdiskurse, Paul Milata, Motive rumniendeutscher Freiwilliger zum Eintritt in die Waffen-SS in Die Waffen-SS, Neue Forschungen, Series; Krieg in der Geschichte, "SZAB M. ATTILA - Betekints az erdlyi szszok autonmijba", "Hencles reteta de lichiu sasesc cu unt, oua, smantana", "DESTINAII CU GUST Sibiu: Aperitive sseti - cornulee cu carne", "Brodelawend ciorb tradiional sseasc", "Hinweise zur Schreibung der siebenbrgisch-schsischen Ortsnamen", "Transylvanian Saxon (Siweberjesch Sksesch)", "Siebenbrgen, Land des Segens (Siebenbrgen-Lied)", "Curriculum vitae Prof. univ. 46. Ergnzt durch Logik und andere Forschungsquellen, u.a. View of Transylvanian fortified church in Archita village, Romania. Between 1978 to 1989, under the cash-strapped communist dictatorship of Nicolae Ceauescu, manySaxons were soldin a mutual government schemeto West Germany in exchange for cash. Nonetheless, one of the consequences of the Reformation was the emergence of an almost perfect equivalence, in the Transylvanian context, of the terms Lutheran and Saxon, with the Lutheran Church in Transylvania being de facto a "Volkskirche", i.e. His family claimed descent from the royal house of David. . Glck in
This wave of settlement included exiled Protestants from Upper Austria (the Transylvanian Landlers namely), who were given land near Hermannstadt (Sibiu). An Outline of Transsilvanian-Saxon History by Klaus Popa, MA Arhivirano 2021-01-22 na Wayback Machine. Transylvanian Saxons, German-speaking population that in the Middle Ages settled in Transylvania, then part of Hungary. The Saxons were a pious people, and the church, which acted as a safe house when under siege, was the centre-point of their communities. Most colonists to this area came from Luxembourg (Luxembourgish: Ltzebuerg) and the Moselle River region (see for instance Medardus de Nympz, former knight and founder of the fortified village of Niemesch/Nema in Mona).[22]. In the context of medieval Transylvania, the term Saxon was used to denote a nobleman's title and not necessarily someone who was German-speaking. Transylvania and aristocracy - if these two words bring anything to mind beyond the long-gone centuries of the Principality of Transylvania, then it is perhaps The Transylvanian Trilogy by Mikls Bnffy, three volumes relating the history of the region . Gert-Werner Liess lists a series of expressions used in the Zeiden dialect along with a standard German translation and an explanation of their meaning. These surnames with matrilineal roots are common in the historical region of Moldova. . The latter region, centered around the town of Mhlbach (Romanian: Sebe), was known as Unterwald. [15] For several consecutive centuries, the main task of these medieval German-speaking settlers (as that of the Szeklers for example in the east of Transylvania) was to defend the southern, southeastern, and northeastern borders of the then Kingdom of Hungary against foreign invaders stemming most notably from Central Asia and even far East Asia (e.g. Although the colonists came mostly from the western Holy Roman Empire and generally spoke Franconian dialects, they were collectively known as Saxons because of Germans working for the Hungarian chancellery. At the same time, the Saxons were also charged with developing agriculture and introducing Central European culture. Structured data. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed. The majority of them are still in very good to relatively good shape to this day, after further consolidation and renovation based on European funds or Norwegian grants (for example in Alma Vii or Laslea), but also based on foreign donations. und ihre Orte, Als Leute in kleinen Gruppen wohnten, haben sie bleibende Nachnamen, so
Like many Transylvanian Saxons, a minority group who can trace back their ties to the mountainous region to the 12th century, they moved away hoping to escape the hostilities they'd faced since . Well known Transylvanian Saxon politicians and administrative leaders include Michael Wei (former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt), Klaus Johannis (current President of Romania and former mayor of Sibiu/Hermannstadt), Iancu Sasul (i.e. . Popescu is also one of the most common surnames in Romania and means"son of the priest". The Saxons made their mark. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed. We took our traditions from our parents and grandparents, she said. ABRABANEL ( , -br-b-nel ): Variant of the Spanish-Jewish surname Abravanel , meaning "little Abraham ," a personal name meaning "father of a multitude." Isaac Abrabanel (1437-1508), was a Jewish scholar and statesman. However, the Habsburgs still promoted Roman Catholicism to the Saxons during the Counter-Reformation. The familys old oak wine barrels, now empty, remain in the cool cellars, a room from which the family, many decades ago, distributed wine to local villagers. Additionally, German potters and merchants were also present in the former Moldavian capital of Suceava at the end of the 14th century. The region was called Royal Lands or Saxon Lands (German: Knigsboden; Hungarian: Kirlyfld or Szszfld; Romanian: Pmntul criesc; Latin: Terra Saxonum or Fundus Regius). (Bhlau Verlag, Kln), 1976. Although many of these fortified churches have fallen into either decay or ruin, nowadays the south-eastern region of Transylvania still has one of the highest density of existing fortified churches from the 13th to 16th centuries[30] as more than 150 villages in the area count various types of fortified churches in good shape, seven of them being included in the UNESCO World Heritage under the name of Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania. It is an attachment felt by many with roots in this ancient community. Transylvania County, North Carolina - Transylvania County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. . This word in Romanian means 'bushy beard.'. The ruins of the Roman Catholic cathedral built by the Transylvanian Saxons in. Of the 101 people, 55 had surnames (54.4%). Although his actions were ultimately rescinded, many Saxons began to see themselves as being a small minority opposed by nationalist Romanians and Hungarians. Stephan Ludwig Roth, intellectual, Evangelic Lutheran pastor, revolutionary. The old wicker basket is almost full, but it is one of many tasks required by Zakel, who lives in Switzerland but visits regularly, as she goes about maintaining and restoring this old farmhouse to keep her ancestral heritage alive. Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. Paul Milata: Zwischen Hitler, Stalin and Antonescu. The most common names are Petru (11, 10.9%), Radu (8, 7.9%), and Stefan (8, 7.9%). Surnames are now important in identifying individuals and families over time. Schlesien - Silesia
Romanian Saxon villages might be tiny, but the churches are mighty. The lowest figure indicates the approximate contemporary distribution mostly in Transylvania, central Romania, whereas the highest one applies worldwide. Bogdan. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 800 533 pixels. In the Middle Ages, there were around 300 fortified Saxon churches in Transylvania; now only half of them still stand (Credit: Stephen McGrath). Cumans, Pechenegs, Mongols, and Tatars). These names don't occur in the Keintzel-Schn book, however they are
Back in apu, Zakel gives me a tour of Casa Anna, a more modest project than that of Schuster and her husband. [17], The first wave of settlement continued well until the end of the 13th century. For centuries, the main tasks of the Transylvanian Saxons during the High Middle Ages were to protect the easternmost frontiers of the former Kingdom of Hungary against certain invading migratory Asiatic peoples, to bring more agriculture to the region, to instil Central European culture, enhance trade, and boost urbanisation and overall economic development. Occupational, the second largest group of surnames, and nicknames are of mixed linguistic heritage, mainly Anglo-Saxon and Norman French, but with some Scandinavian influence as well. National costumes of the Transylvanian Saxons at a folk dance performed in Germany (February 2015), The "community chest" (German: Nachbarschafts kasten) in which the Saxon fraternity held their documents, The "community badge" (German: Nachbarschaft Convener), The historical coat of arms of the Transylvanian Saxons[f], Alternative historical coat of arms of the Transylvanian Saxons, Transylvanian Saxon women in traditional costumes attempting a folk dance, Traditional Transylvanian Saxon costumes from Wallendorf (Unirea village, now part of Bistria, Bistria-Nsud County), Interior of a traditional Transylvanian Saxon house, The cuisine of the Transylvanian Saxons is very similar to that of the Romanians and the Hungarians living in Transylvania as well as to the Germans, Austrians, or Alemannic Swiss. [52] Kartoffelknodel is yet another noteworthy traditional Transylvanian Saxon delight.[53]. Famous Transylvanian Saxons include intellectuals Johannes Honterus, Christian Schesaeus, Johannes Sommer, Samuel von Brukenthal, Georg Maurer, Johann Bhm, or Stephan Ludwig Roth, composers such as Georg Meyndt and Carl Filtsch, visual artists such as Fritz Schullerus, Edith Soterius von Sachsenheim, or Friedrich Miess, scientists such as Hermann Oberth and Conrad Haas, or sportsmen such as Michael Klein, Mora Windt-Martini, or Otto Tellmann. The colonization of Transylvania by Germans was begun by King Gza II of Hungary (11411162). people-related (personal names linked in some form "son of" or
The Transylvanian Saxons, called like that since medieval times, are representing a western population with unknown origin, settled in the Arch of Romanian Carpathian Mountains in the earliest of the 12th century. In Romanian, it is also known as lichiu ssesc or just lichiu. This is the textile room, museum and guest room for friends, Herberth said, standing next to a 300-year-old oak weaving loom, which Stanciu has learned to use. fortified churches). Its county seat is Brevard.Transylvania County comprises the B. Transylvanian Diet - The Transylvanian Diet (German: Siebenbrgischer Landtag; Hungarian: Erdlyi Dieta; Romanian . The surname Barbaneagra is composed of two words: "barba", which means beard, and "neagra", which is the Romanian form for "negru", meaning black. The Transylvanian Saxons represented one of the three nations that made up the Transylvanian feudal system. . changed their name! Saxons who had fought on behalf of the Third Reich were often left marooned in Germany and unwanted by the new authorities in . "devotee of"). 'Neithausen' or 'New house' as it can be understood in Luxembourgish if divided into two words). ersten Halter des Namens geben, gibt es, Some researchers think that surname meanings are of little value beyond the
The initial waves of Transylvanian Saxons were referred to as hospites flandrenses et teutonici or primi hospites regni in Latin,[12] literally "the Flemish and Teutonic guests" or "the first guests of the kingdom" (i.e. A small population of Saxons continues to live in Transylvania, now part . These fortified churches, or kirchenburgen as they are known in standard German, had defensive capacities in the event of a foreign attack on a rural Transylvanian Saxon community (e.g. They were promised full minority rights, but many wealthy Saxons lost part of their land in the land reform process that was implemented in the whole of Romania after World War I. This Traditional Saxon Potato Tarragon Soup From Transylvania is a delicious, comforting soup, perfect during the winter season. During the reign of Hungarian King Charles I (probably 13251329; also referred to as Charles Robert d'Anjou), the Saxons were organized in the Saxon Chairs (or seats) as follows: The territorial extent of the aforementioned Saxon seats can be clearly seen in depth in the maps from the gallery below: Zwei Sthle (i.e. Subsequently, taking into account the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany, many Transylvanian Saxons became staunch supporters of national socialism, with the Evangelical Lutheran Church losing, eventually, very much of its influence in the community as time passed by. Familien-Namen (Fritz Keintzel-Schn), Editura Academiei Bucuresti
Aber: die Rechtschreibung eines Nachnamens ist nur in jngeren Zeiten
International, Foreign, Meanings On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. (Although early Europeans did belong to various tribes
Meanwhile, the young couple teaches restoration skills such as traditional carpentry to local construction workers in the hope of saving traditional techniques and thus the communitys rich architectural heritage. Barbaneagra. Leute-verwandt (persnliche Namen werden in einer Form zusammengefgt "Sohn von" oder "Anhnger von"). beschreiben oder auch ihre Persnlichkeit und Manierismen). The rural settlements were more protected with a series of fortified churches known as 'kirchenburgen' in standard German. Its a lively event attended by throngs of locals. Rugeley Anglo-Saxon. This guy would be around 50% Transylvanian Saxon, right? Johannes Benkner, former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt. Stelle-verwandt (aktuelle Wohnung-Stelle, ehemaliger Wohnsitz,
They called Transylvania "Siebenbrg," meaning "seven towns," for their original seven settlements. When people lived in small groups, they didn't need permanent surnames as we
. Everyone had left, some old people were here, and this old small community together with the state of the church and the buildings, it gave the image of a lost community.. A newspaper dedicated to the community of Hungarian-Germans in Ohio is now on Chronicling America! Because they are considered Auslandsdeutsche ("Germans from abroad") by the German government, the Saxons have the right to German citizenship under the law of return. . " Popa - This surname means "priest" and has roots in both Romanian and Slavic. werden. The Transylvanian Saxons, called like that since medieval times, are representing a western population with unknown origin, settled in the Arch of Romanian Carpathian Mountains in the earliest of . When the Principality of Transylvania came under Habsburg control, a smaller third phase of settlement took place in order to revitalise their demographics. May 5, 2018. [27] In these regards, the Saxon title could have been awarded to someone who was a non-native German speaker as well. Old High German or Middle High German). Romanian-language map depicting the total territorial extent of the Saxon lands/seats in southern, south-eastern, and north-eastern Transylvania. Stanciu has a background in anthropology and cultural policy, but now specialises in a range of traditional crafts, while Herberth works as a carpenter and restorer and researches ancient craft techniques. 4 of these people had two surnames. The Transylvanian Saxon population has been steadily decreasing since World War II as they started leaving the territory of present-day Romania en masse during and after World War II, relocating initially to Austria, then predominantly to southern Germany (especially in Bavaria). Schuster emigrated to West Germany in 1984 after being sold by the Romanian government to the West German state. sources for similar lists for other villages. 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Name definitions can not be guaranteed [ 52 ] Kartoffelknodel is yet another traditional. Developing towns economically through the countryside Namen werden in einer Form zusammengefgt `` Sohn von )... The accuracy of these name definitions can not be guaranteed Catholic and 40 % (! Delight. [ 53 ] feudal system, now part Germany and unwanted by the Romanian to... Delight. transylvanian saxon surnames 53 ] the Basque language, sign up for the bbc.com. The Pechenegs the former Moldavian capital of Suceava at the same time, the Habsburgs still promoted Catholicism... At the same time, the Saxons did their best to resist many! My own little Saxon house gives me a feeling of inner peace, she said enable... Jewish Communities Beginning in 1627, Jews were granted the right to settle at. Important in identifying individuals and families over time the right to settle, at first exclusively, in Karlsburg (! 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